서울 헌릉(태종·원경왕후)과 인릉(순조·순원황후) [유네스코 세계유산]

Overview

Heonneung is the tomb of King Taejong, the third ruler of Joseon (reigned 1400~1418), and Queen Wongyeong of the Min clan (1365~1420). It is a ssangneung (twin tomb mausoleum) style where burial mounds are arranged side by side within a single valley chamber; when viewed from the front, the left (west) is Taejong's tomb, and the right (east) is Queen Wongyeong's tomb. In 1420 (the 2nd year of King Sejong's reign), Queen Wongyeong passed away first, and the tomb was built at its current location. When constructing Queen Wongyeong's tomb, King Taejong had already prepared his own tomb. Two years later, in 1422 (the 4th year of King Sejong), when King Taejong passed away, a tomb was constructed to the west of Queen Wongyeong's tomb, resulting in its current appearance. All tomb tombs are surrounded by folding screen stones and railing stones, and the folding screen stones are engraved with the twelve zodiac deities, the Yeongjeo (Geumgangjeo), and the Yeongtak (Geumgangnyeong). Around the mound, there are Munseokin, Museokin, Seokma, Jeongjungseok, Jangmyeongdeung, Honyuseok, Mangjuseok, Seokyang, and a lagoon. In particular, the locations of Munseokin, Museokin, Seokma, Seokyang, and Lagoon were twice as numerous as in other royal tombs, following the Hyeon-Jeongneung (玄·正陵) system of King Gongmin and Princess Noguk of Goryeo. Beneath the tomb chamber are two Shinto Steles: one erected after King Taejong's death, and the other rebuilt in 1695 (the 21st year of King Sukjong) after the original stele was damaged. Inreung is the tomb of Sunjo, the 23rd ruler of Joseon (reigned 1800~1834), and Empress Sunwon of the Kim clan (1789~1857). Inreung is a joint burial tomb where the king and queen are enshrined together within a single burial mound, following the principle of right above and left below, with Sunjo on the left and Empress Sunwon on the right. After King Sunjo passed away in 1834 (the 34th year of King Sunjo's reign), the following year it was built near Jangneung (King Injo) in Gyoha, Paju. However, due to the unfavorable feng shui, it was moved to its current location in 1856 (the 6th year of King Cheoljong's reign). The site of the relocated tomb was originally the site of King Sejong's old royal tomb site, but during the reconstruction of the remains, the stone relics of King Sejong's old royal tomb and the old stone relics of Queen Janggyeong, King Jungjong's second queen, were retaken and reused. The reused stone objects include the Munseokin, Museokin, Seokma, Jangmyeongdeung, Honyuseok, Mangjuseok, Sunset, and Lagoon; some of the Seokyang, Mangjuseok, and Seokma were newly made. This is recorded in the 'Inneung Cheonbongsanneung Dogam Uigwe,' compiled after the relocation of the inreung. After the relocation of the imperial tomb, when Empress Sunwon passed away the following year, the tomb was interred together in the imperial tomb. Inside the pavilion beneath the tomb are two monuments: one from the Joseon Dynasty (Sunjo the Great and Queen Sunwon), and the second from the Korean Empire (Emperor Sunjo and Empress Sunwon).